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Alphabets Not in Modern English
- Æ/æ (called: Ash) is the "A" in "Cat". It can come in both long and short forms.
- Ð/ð (called: Eth) is the voiced "th" sound in "those", "therefore", etc. Originally, comes from the Rune Letter, that English used to be written with before Latin.
- Ȝ/ȝ (called: Yogh) is pronounced "g" in "goat", and "y" in "year". Also, comes from the Rune Letter, and later converted into modern day "G".
- Ƿ/ƿ (called: Wynn) is pronounced "w" as in "water". No, it is not "P", this one is slightly stretch downwards from the middle. This is also from the Runic Letter, and later changed into "W", after the printing press and Modern Standardization.
- Þ/þ (called: Thorn) is the unvoiced "th" sound in "thing", "thought", etc. This is the Old Runic Letter commonly seen in "Þe Olde" on the old inn signs. Along, with "eth" it was changed to "th", because the Printing Press, brought from Europe, didn't have this Letter.
Alphabets in Modern English, but Pronounced Differently
- C/c is pronounced like "k" in "crate", and also pronounced like "ch" as in "chair". No, it is never pronounced like "s", 'cause "s" is pronounce like "s". It is pronounce [ʧ] usually before or after a front vowel, [k] elsewhere.
- F/f is pronounced unvoiced "f" as in "fine", when is comes initially, or finally, or after voiceless consonants. It is also pronounced voiced "v" as in "very", elsewhere. for example, "wolf", and "wolfas".
- H/h is pronounced [ç] after front vowels, and [x] after back vowels as in "loch" in Scottish, and [h] elsewhere.
- S/s is pronounced like "s" as in "sun", when it comes initially, or finally, or after voiceless consonants. It is also pronounced like "z" as in "zero", elsewhere.
List of Vowels
- A/a could be long or short, and is pronounced like "ah" as in "father".
- Æ/æ could be long or short, and is pronounced like "a" as in "bat".
- E/e could be long or short, and is pronounced like "eh" as in "bed".
- I/i could be long or short, and is pronounced like "ee" as in "see", and "i" as in "sit".
- O/o could be long or short, and is pronounced like "oh" as in "go", or "o" as in "hot".
- U/u could be long or short, and is pronounced like "oo" as in "soon", or "u" as in "put".
- Y/y could be long or short, and is pronounced "u"/"i" in the back of the mouth, top of the throat.
List of Diphthongs
- Ea/ea could be long or short, and is pronounced like "æa".
- Eo/eo could be long or short, and is pronounced like "eo".
- Ie/ie could be long or short, and is pronounced like "iy".
- Io/io is pronounced like "iu".
- Oe/oe could be long or short, and is pronounced like "ø".
List of Consonant Combinations
- Cȝ (it is C with Yogh) is pronounced like "j", or soft "g" in "beige".
- Cƿ (it is C with Wynn) is pronounced like "kw" as in "quite".
- Sc was originally pronounced as "shk", and later as "sh" as in "shine".
- In other news, "ff" and "ss" are also quite common variants of long consonants.
Some Abbreviations
- ⁊ (called: Tironian Et, and not to confused with Arabic Numeral "7") is an old shorthand symbol for "and". It is pronounced like "and", and is used in Ænglish, and also in Irish Gaelic.
- ꝥ (called: Thorn with Stroke) is an old shorthand symbol for "the". It is pronounced like "the", and is used in Ænglish, and also in Irish Gaelic.
- ̅ (called: Overline) is an old shorthand symbol for "m" or "n". It is pronounced like "m" or "n", and is used in Ænglish, and also in Latin. For example, su̅ne = sumne, etc.
