Lavanya Keyboard Help
Introduction
This document provides comprehensive guidelines for using the Telugu Keyman keyboard layout. The keyboard allows for transliteration from Latin (English) characters to Telugu script. This document outlines the character mappings, rules for combining consonants and vowels, and special features of the keyboard.
Basic Principles
The keyboard follows a phonetic transliteration system where Latin characters are mapped to their corresponding Telugu characters. The following principles apply:
- Consonants by default include the virama (్) mark, which is removed when followed by a vowel
- When consonants are followed by vowels, the respective vowel diacritics are applied
- Special characters like Zero Width Non-Joiner (ZWNJ) can be inserted using '^' or 'f'
Character Mapping
Vowels
Latin | Telugu | Alternate |
---|---|---|
a | అ | |
A | ఆ | aa |
i | ఇ | |
I | ఈ | ii |
u | ఉ | |
U | ఊ | uu |
R | ఋ | |
RU | ౠ | Ru |
e | ఎ | |
E | ఏ | ee |
Y | ఐ | ai |
o | ఒ | |
O | ఓ | oo |
V | ఔ | au, ou |
a( | అఁ | |
aM | అం | |
a: | అః |
Consonants
Latin | Telugu | Alternate |
---|---|---|
k | క్ | |
K | ఖ్ | kh |
g | గ్ | |
G | ఘ్ | gh |
q | ఙ్ | |
c | చ్ | |
C | ఛ్ | ch |
j | జ్ | |
J | ఝ్ | jh |
Q | ఞ్ | |
T | ట్ | |
Th | ఠ్ | |
D | డ్ | |
Dh | ఢ్ | |
N | ణ్ | |
t | త్ | |
th | థ్ | |
d | ద్ | |
dh | ధ్ | |
n | న్ | |
p | ప్ | |
P | ఫ్ | ph |
b | బ్ | |
B | భ్ | bh |
m | మ్ | |
y | య్ | |
r | ర్ | |
l | ల్ | |
v | వ్ | |
S | శ్ | |
sh | ష్ | |
s | స్ | |
H | హ్ | |
L | ళ్ | |
ksh | క్ష్ | |
=r | ఱ్ | |
=l | ఴ్(U+0c34 U+0c4D) | |
$ | ₹ |
Vowel Diacritics
When consonants are followed by vowels, the vowel's diacritic form is applied to the consonant instead of using the independent vowel form.
Vowel | Diacritic |
---|---|
a | (none) |
A or aa | ా |
i | ి |
I or ii | ీ |
u | ు |
U or uu | ూ |
R | ృ |
RU or Ru | ౄ |
e | ె |
E | ే |
Y | ై |
o | ొ |
O | ో |
V | ౌ |
( | ఁ |
M | ం |
: | ః |
Usage Rules
1. Basic Consonant and Vowel Combinations
When a consonant is followed by a vowel, the vowel is represented as a diacritic attached to the consonant.
Examples:
ka
→ కkA
→ కా (orkaa
→ కా)ki
→ కిkI
→ కీ (orkii
→ కీ)ku
→ కుkU
→ కూ (orkuu
→ కూ)ke
→ కెkE
→ కే (orkee
→ కే)kY
→ కై (orkai
→ కై)ko
→ కొkO
→ కో (orkoo
→ కో)kV
→ కౌ (orkau
→ కౌ,kou
→ కౌ)ka(
→ కఁkaM
→ కంka:
→ కః
2. Compound Words and Multiple Consonants
When multiple consonants appear together, each consonant except the last one receives a virama (్) mark.
Examples:
karma
→ కర్మakshara
→ అక్షర
3. Zero Width Non-Joiner (ZWNJ)
The characters ^
or f
can be used to insert a Zero Width Non-Joiner (ZWNJ) between characters to prevent them from forming a ligature.
Examples:
karma
→ కర్మkar^ma or karfma
→ కర్మ (Note the visible space between ర్ and మ)
4. Special Characters
Input | Output |
---|---|
M | ం (Anusvara) |
: | ః (Visarga) |
( | ఁ (Candrabindu) |
Telugu Numbers
The keyboard supports typing Telugu numerals. To type a Telugu numeral:
Method:
- Type a backtick (`)
- Type the corresponding number key (1-0)
Examples:
Input | Output |
---|---|
`1 | ౧ |
`2 | ౨ |
`3 | ౩ |
`4 | ౪ |
`5 | ౫ |
`6 | ౬ |
`7 | ౭ |
`8 | ౮ |
`9 | ౯ |
`0 | ౦ |
Complete Example:
To type the number 2025 in Telugu: `2`0`2`5 → ౨౦౨౫
Switching Between Telugu and English
You can temporarily switch to English characters in the middle of typing Telugu text:
Method:
- Type a backtick (`) to activate English mode
- Type any of the mapped keys to get the English character instead of the Telugu character
Note: In some cases the backtick acts as a toggle only for a single character rather than for the entire word.
Typing En Dash and Em Dash
The keyboard supports typing en dash and em dash characters:
En Dash (–):
- Type two hyphens (--)
- Type a backtick (`)
Example: --`
→ –
Em Dash (—):
- Type three hyphens (---)
- Type a backtick (`)
Example: ---`
→ —
Usage Examples:
- Time range:
2--`5 gaMTalu
→ 2–5 గంటలు - Break in thought:
avunu---`kAni
→ అవును—కాని
To convert back to regular hyphens, type a backtick after the dash character.
Using Smart Quotes
The keyboard automatically handles typographic quotation marks (smart quotes):
Double Quotes:
- First
"
→ Opening double quote (") - Second
"
→ Closing double quote (") - Third
"
→ Regular double quote (")
Example: "telugu BAsha"
→ "తెలుగు భాష"
Single Quotes:
- First
'
→ Opening single quote (') - Second
'
→ Closing single quote (') - Third
'
→ Regular single quote (')
Example: 'idi'
→ 'ఇది'
Comprehensive Examples
Here are comprehensive examples demonstrating the keyboard's capabilities:
1. lAvaNya
→ లావణ్య
l
→ ల్A
→ ా (added to ల్ to make లా)v
→ వ్a
→ (added to వ్ to make వ)N
→ ణ్y
→ య్a
→ (added to య్ to make య)
2. rAm
→ రామ్
r
→ ర్A
→ ా (added to ర్ to make రా)m
→ మ్
3. akshara
→ అక్షర
a
→ అk
→ క్sh
→ ష్a
→ (added to ష్ to make ష)r
→ ర్a
→ (added to ర్ to make ర)
4. strI
→ స్త్రీ
s
→ స్t
→ త్r
→ ర్I
→ ీ (added to ర్ to make రీ)
5. Siva:
→ శివః
S
→ శ్i
→ ి (added to శ్ to make శి)v
→ వ్a
→ (added to వ్ to make వ):
→ ః
6. karma
→ కర్మ
k
→ క్a
→ (added to క్ to make క)r
→ ర్m
→ మ్a
→ (added to మ్ to make మ)
7. kar^ma
→ కర్మ
k
→ క్a
→ (added to క్ to make క)r
→ ర్^
→ (ZWNJ)m
→ మ్a
→ (added to మ్ to make మ)
Alternative Input Methods
Many characters can be input using multiple methods. Here are the alternative inputs:
Vowels
A
oraa
→ ఆI
orii
→ ఈU
oruu
→ ఊRU
orRu
→ ౠE
oree
→ ఏY
orai
→ ఐO
oroo
→ ఓV
orau
orou
→ ఔ
Consonants
K
orkh
→ ఖ్G
orgh
→ ఘ్C
orch
→ ఛ్J
orjh
→ ఝ్P
orph
→ ఫ్B
orbh
→ భ్
Unmapped Keys
The following keys are reserved for future updates and currently do not map to any Telugu characters:
- F, h, w, W, x, X, z, Z
Typing Strategies
1. For Words with Multiple Consonants
When typing words with multiple consonants in sequence, type each consonant followed by appropriate vowels.
Example:
For ప్రసన్న
, type p
+ r
+ a
+ s
+ a
+ n
+ n
+ a
2. For Consonant Clusters
Type each consonant in the cluster.
Example:
For సంస్కృతి
, type s
+ a
+ M
+ s
+ k
+ R
+ t
+ i
3. Using Zero Width Non-Joiner
Use ^
or f
between consonants when you want to prevent them from forming a ligature.
Example:
For కర్మ
(with visible separation), type k
+ a
+ r
+ ^
+ m
+ a
Tips and Best Practices
- For beginners, using the lowercase single-letter inputs (e.g.,
kaa
instead ofKA
) is generally easier to remember. - For users familiar with the ITRANS transliteration scheme, the alternative spellings (e.g.,
kh
forK
) will be more intuitive. - When typing long passages, consider using capitalized vowels (
A
instead ofaa
) to minimize keystrokes. - Remember that consonants by default include the virama mark (్), which is automatically removed when a vowel follows.
- For special Telugu characters that don't have direct English phonetic equivalents, refer to the specialized mappings:
q
→ ఙ్Q
→ ఞ్=r
→ ఱ్=l
→ ఴ్ (U+0c34 U+0c4D)