Telugu Sanskrit Phonetic (OPTITRANS)
Description
Telugu Sanskrit Phonetic (OPTITRANS) keyboard is telugu-sanskrit input method by a modified version of OPTITRANS and Harvard-Kyoto transliteration systems.
You can use all the standard ITRANS key sequences plus key sequences such as the below.
nk->ఙ్క్, nkh->ఙ్ఖ్, ng->ఙ్గ్, ngh->ఙ్ఘ్ nch->ఞ్చ్, nCh->ఞ్ఛ్, nc->ఞ్చ్, nC->ఞ్ఛ్, nchh->ఞ్ఛ్, nj->ఞ్జ్, njh->ఞ్ఝ్, nT->ణ్ట్, nTh->ణ్ఠ్, nD->ణ్డ్, nDh->ణ్ఢ్ c->చ్, C->ఛ్, z->జ఼్, S->ష్, jn->జ్ఞ్, R->ఋ
Examples: Type saMskRta for సంస్కృత.
Details
- The closely related m17n keyboard here
- The motivation behind some basic additions made to the basic ITRANS scheme is described here, along with a tabulated comparison with several other transliteration schemes.
Consonants
The following table shows the English letters to type to get Telugu consonants. e.g. type k for క్, ka for క, R for ఋ, RR for ౠ, LLi for ఌ, etc.
| క | ka | ఖ | Ka/kha | గ | ga | ఘ | Ga/gha | ఙ | ~Na | ||||
| చ | ca/cha | ఛ | Ca/Cha | జ | ja | ఝ | Ja/jha | ఞ | ~na | ||||
| ట | Ta | ఠ | Tha | డ | Da | ఢ | Dha | ణ | Na | ||||
| త | ta | థ | tha | ద | da | ధ | dha | న | na | ||||
| ప | pa | ఫ | pha | బ | ba | భ | bha | మ | ma | ||||
| య | ya | ర | ra | ల | la | ళ | La | వ | va/wa | ||||
| శ | sha | ష | Sa/Sha | స | sa | హ | ha | క్ | k | ||||
| క్ష | xa/kSa | ఱ్ | rH | ఴ్ | LH | జ఼్ | z | ఫ఼్ | F |
Vowels and Vowel Signs
In the following table, independent vowels, dependent vowel signs and vowel signs combined with the consonant 'k' are shown in OPTITRANS Sanskrit Pre-Vedic transliteration scheme on the top two rows. The third row shows Telugu Vowels in their independent form on the left and their corresponding dependent form (maatraa or vowel sign) on the right. The fourth row shows the vowel sign combined with the consonant 'k' in Telugu. 'ka' is without any added vowel sign, where the vowel 'a' is inherent.
If there is a need to type ONLY the vowel signs, it can be done using `.` instead of a consonant. e.g. .A will output ా, .Ai will output ై.
| a | aa/A | i | ii/I | u | uu/U | R | RR | LL^i | LL^I | e | ai | o | Au/aau | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | ka | aa | kA | i | ki | ii | kI | u | ku | uu | kU | R | kR | RR | kRR | LLi | kLLi | LLI | kLLI | e | ke | ai | kai | o | ko | au | kau |
| అ | ఆ | ా | ఇ | ి | ఈ | ీ | ఉ | ు | ఊ | ూ | ఋ | ృ | ౠ | ౄ | ఌ | ౢ | ౡ | ౣ | ఏ | ే | ఐ | ై | ఓ | ో | ఔ | ౌ | |
| క | ఆ | కా | ఇ | కి | ఈ | కీ | ఉ | కు | ఊ | కూ | ఋ | కృ | ౠ | కౄ | ఌ | కౢ | ౡ | కౣ | ఏ | కే | ఐ | కై | ఓ | కో | ఔ | కౌ | |
The following table shows additional vowel signs used in Telugu script by other languages.
| క | ka | ఖ | Ka/kha | గ | ga | ఘ | Ga/gha | ఙ | ~Na | ||||
| చ | ca/cha | ఛ | Ca/Cha | జ | ja | ఝ | Ja/jha | ఞ | ~na | ||||
| ట | Ta | ఠ | Tha | డ | Da | ఢ | Dha | ణ | Na | ||||
| త | ta | థ | tha | ద | da | ధ | dha | న | na | ||||
| ప | pa | ఫ | pha | బ | ba | భ | bha | మ | ma | ||||
| య | ya | ర | ra | ల | la | ళ | La | వ | va/wa | ||||
| శ | sha | ష | Sa/Sha | స | sa | హ | ha | క్ | k | ||||
| క్ష | xa/kSa | ఱ్ | rH | ఴ్ | LH | జ఼్ | z | ఫ఼్ | F |
Perso-Arabic and other loans
Nukta (఼) letters for Perso-Arabic loans, plus the Tamil ఱ్, are typed with a leading .. A few also have a bare key. As elsewhere, the forms below are halanta (add a vowel key for the signed form).
| క఼్ | .k | ఖ఼్ | .K | గ఼్ | .g | జ఼్ | .j / z | డ఼్ | .D | |||||
| య఼్ | .y / Y | ఫ఼్ | f | ఱ్ | .r |
Consonantal Diacritics
Arranged with the vowels are two consonantal diacritics, the final nasal anusvāra ం M and the final fricative visarga ః H (called అం aṃ and అః aḥ). Another diacritic used in other languages written in Telugu script is the candrabindu/anunāsika ఁ MM (అఁ). These consonantal diacritics follow the vowel signs including the implicit `a`. The following table shows consonant `k` followed by various dependent vowel signs and consonantal diacritics ం and ః.
| ka | kA | ki | kI | ku | kU | kR | kRR | kLLi | kLLI | kai/kE | kAi | kau/kO | kAu | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | కం | కాం | కిం | కీం | కుం | కూం | కృం | కౄం | కౢం | కౣం | కేం | కైం | కోం | కౌం |
| H | కః | కాః | కిః | కీః | కుః | కూః | కృః | కౄః | కౢః | కౣః | కేః | కైః | కోః | కౌః |
| .N | కఁ | కాఁ | కిఁ | కీఁ | కుఁ | కూఁ | కృఁ | కౄఁ | కౢఁ | కౣఁ | కేఁ | కైఁ | కోఁ | కౌఁ |
Conjuncts
Consonant conjuncts are automatically formed, e.g. k t produces క్త్.
Explicit Virama
To force an explicit virama at end of word, use .h e.g. k t .h space produces క్త్ .
Punctuation
| Key | Output Character | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| ... | ॰ | Devanagari Abbreviation Sign |
| .. | । | DanDaa |
| ,. | ॥ | Double DanDaa |
| -- | – | En Dash |
| --- | — | Em Dash |
Numbers
- Press the number keys to type Telugu digits. for example 9 produces ౯.
- For typing the Arabic digits, press the number keys and then the backspace key, for example 9 Back space produces 9.
Special Symbols
| Key | Output Character | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| OM | ఓం | DEVANAGARI OM SIGN |
| .a | ఽ | AVAGRAHA |
Commonly used Vedic Accents
| Key | Output Character | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| !!' | ᳚ | VEDIC TONE SVARITA |
| '''' | ᳙ | VEDIC TONE SVATANTRA SVARITA |
| _ | ॒ | DEVANAGARI STRESS SIGN ANUDATTA |
| pH | ᳶ | VEDIC SIGN UPADHMANIYA |
| '' | ᳓ | VEDIC SIGN NIHSHVASA (also used for udAtta) |


